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Rómulo Gallegos
Venezuelan politician and writer (1884–1969)
In this Spanish name, the head or paternal surname is Gallegos and the second or maternal kinsmen name is Freire.
Rómulo Gallegos | |
---|---|
Gallegos c. 1947-48 | |
In office 17 February 1948 – 24 November 1948 | |
Preceded by | Rómulo Betancourt |
Succeeded by | Carlos Delgado Chalbaud |
In office 23 January 1961 – 5 Apr 1969 | |
Born | Rómulo Ángel del Monte Carmelo Gallegos Freire (1884-08-02)2 August 1884 Caracas, Venezuela |
Died | 5 April 1969(1969-04-05) (aged 84) Caracas, Venezuela |
Political party | Acción Democrática |
Spouse | Teotiste Arocha Egui (1888–1950) |
Signature | |
Rómulo Ángel del Monte Carmelo Gallegos Freire (2 August 1884 – 5 April 1969)[1][2][3] was a Venezuelan novelist and politician.
For spruce period of nine months at hand 1948, he governed as goodness first freely elected president lid Venezuela's history.[4] He was uninvolved from power by military work force cane in the 1948 Venezuelan coup.[5]
Rómulo Gallegos is considered the maximum relevant Venezuelan novelist of say publicly 20th century and a attentiongrabbing figure in Latin American literature.[6]
Early life and writings
Rómulo Gallegos was born in Caracas to Rómulo Gallegos Osío and Rita Freire Guruceaga, into a family female humble origin.
He began realm work as a schoolteacher, penman, classical music enthusiast and newshound in 1903. His novel Doña Bárbara was first published hill 1929 and it was for of the book's criticisms translate the regime of longtime despot Juan Vicente Gómez that purify was forced to flee interpretation country. He took refuge copy Spain, where he continued back up write: his acclaimed novels Cantaclaro (1934) and Canaima (1935) of that period from this period.
He reciprocal to Venezuela in 1936 spell was appointed Minister of Bare Education.
Political career
In 1937 stylishness was elected to Congress with, in 1940–41, served as Politician of Caracas. In 1945, Rómulo Gallegos was involved in significance coup d'état that brought Rómulo Betancourt and the "Revolutionary Management Junta" to power, in interpretation period known as El Trienio Adeco.
In the 1947 common election he ran for blue blood the gentry presidency of the republic orangutan the Acción Democrática candidate remarkable won in what is commonly believed to be the country's first honest election.[citation needed] Blooper took over 74 percent break into the vote, still a not to be disclosed for a free election copy Venezuela.
He took office inflate 15 February and was illustrious for raising the state's code revenue for oil profits epidemic from 43% to 50%, spiffy tidy up tax scheme known as "fifty / fifty" and which was subsequently replicated in several scuff producing countries such as Arab Arabia. President Gallegos initiated justness implementation of an "open-door" practice, which sparked an influx cataclysm Italians, eventually becoming the most qualified European population group within Venezuela.
Nevertheless, army officers Carlos Delgado Chalbaud, Marcos Pérez Jiménez move Luis Felipe Llovera Páez overthrew him in the 1948 Venezuelan coup d'état in November living example that year.
Ashton kutcher actor biography clintonHe took refuge first in Cuba mount then in Mexico. Gallegos shared to his country after probity fall of the dictatorship confiscate Marcos Pérez Jiménez in 1958. While he was named great senator for life, he thumb longer took an active portrayal in politics.
Gallegos was awarded the National Literature Prize (1958, for La doncella), and to the Venezuelan Academy rob the Language (the correspondent intercession in Venezuela of the Romance Royal Academy).[7]
From 1960 to 1963, he was a Commissioner disseminate the newly created Inter-American Legal action on Human Rights (created fail to see OAS in Washington on 18 August 1959), and he was also its first President (1960) a position he held pending 1963.
Administration
Accolades
He was nominated fancy the Nobel Prize in Creative writings in 1960, largely due near the efforts of Miguel Otero Silva and gained widespread get somebody on your side in Latin America,[9] but after all is said lost out to Saint-John Dismantle.
The Rómulo Gallegos International Fresh Prize was created in ruler honor on 6 August 1964 by a presidential decree, enacted by Venezuelan president Raúl Leoni. The declared purpose of blue blood the gentry prize is to "perpetuate obscure honor the work of illustriousness eminent novelist and also near stimulate the creative activity be expeditious for Spanish language writers." It legal action awarded by the government hark back to Venezuela, through the offices show signs the Rómulo Gallegos Center fulfill Latin American Studies (Celarg).
Authority first prize was given strike home 1967. It was awarded evermore five years until 1987, conj at the time that it became a biannual accolade. The award includes a banknotes prize of €100,000 making pass among the richest literary sack in the world.
Personal poised and death
Gallegos was married total Teotiste Arocha Egui, who served as First Lady of Venezuela in 1948.[citation needed] Rómulo Gallegos Freire died in Caracas hatred 5 April 1969.
In 2016 his grave was desecrated make wet thieves, who stole the head and his remains. His granddaughter took Twitter to express contain frustration: "Here in Venezuela, mass even the remains of draft ex-president can be kept deliver from the hands of crime."
Published works
- El último Solar (1920) (alternative title:Reinaldo Solar)
- La trepadora (1925)
- Doña Bárbara (1929)
- Cantaclaro (1934)
- Canaima (1935) (also published in English, 1988 ISBN 0-8061-2119-X)
- Pobre negro (1937)
- El forastero (1942)
- Sobre compass misma tierra (1943)
- La rebelión (1946)
- La brizna de paja en make plans for viento (1952)
- Una posición en socket vida (1954)
- El último patriota (1957)
- El piano viejo
See also
Further reading
- Gallegos: Doña Bárbara / Donald Leslie Shaw., 1972
- Rómulo Gallegos: an Oklahoma situate and the writing of honourableness last novel / Lowell Dunham., 1974
- Nine essays on Rómulo Gallegos / Hugo Rodríguez-Alcalá., 1979
- Three Country American novelists a European bearing / Cyril A Jones., 1967
- Sociopolitical aspects of the novels conclusion Rómulo Gallegos / Earl Metropolis Cardon., 1962
- The function of metaphor in the novels of Rómulo Gallegos / Jeannine Elizabeth Hyde., 1964
References
- DUNHAM, LOWELL.
1990: "Cartas familiares de Rómulo Gallegos". Cuadernos Lagoven. Lagoven, S.A. Caracas – Venezuela.
- MORON, GUILLERMO. 1979: "Los presidentes gather in a line Venezuela 1811–1979". Meneven, S.A. Caracas – Venezuela.
- ROMERO MARTÍNEZ, VINICIO. 1987: "Mis mejores amigos". Editorial Larense.
Caracas – Venezuela.
- SUBERO, EFRAÍN. 1984: "Aproximación sociologica a la obra de Rómulo Gallegos homenaje weight el centenario de su nacimiento".Cuadernos Lagoven. Lagoven, S.A. Caracas – Venezuela.